Application of epidemiological methods in health impact assessment / 中华流行病学杂志

Health impact assessment (HIA) system has been listed in the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan and the Law of Basic Health Care and Health Promotion of the People's Republic of China, however, the technique guideline of HIA needs to be established and improved. This paper summarizes the applications of different epidemiological methods in HIA and focus on the introduction of the application of ecology model of health social determinants as theory basis in the establishment of HIA system along with the introduction of HIA cases in the world. The applications of epidemiological methods in domestic HIA research are limited. Therefore, appropriate applications of epidemiological methods should be strengthened in HIA guideline and system development, especially the applications of big health data, mobile health techniques, systems epidemiology and implementation science, to facilitate data collection and potential health hazard evaluation and surveillance for HIA, establishment and improvement of HIA system and the implementation of Healthy China Strategy.

A follow-up study on the introduction of vegetables and fruits during infants aged 4-8 months in Beijing and Chenzhou City of Hunan Province / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the introduction of vegetables and fruits in 4-8 months old infants, and to describe the maternal and infants' characteristics associated with the introduction of vegetables and fruits.@*METHODS@#Mother-infant dyads (n=228) were recruited from 12 to 16 weeks postpartum and formally entered the study at 4 months of age. Data collected via face to face interview at 4-8 months postpartum, including the timing and types of added vegetables and fruits, as well as a variety of maternal and infant characteristics (n=204). Rank sum test and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the maternal and infant characteristics related to the introduction of vegetables and fruits.@*RESULTS@#The time of introducing vegetables was concentrated at the age of 7 months, and the time of adding fruits was mainly at 6 months. Fruits were added earlier than vegetables (P < 0.001), and the variety of the added fruits was higher than that of vegetables (P=0.045). 48% (n=98) of infants had no more than three types of fruits and vegetables at 8 months. Only 9.8% (n=20) had added more than 10 kinds of fruits and vegetables at 8 months. Green leafy vegetables were the most commonly added vegetable, and apple was the most popular fruit. Compared with women who were 35 years of age or younger, women beyond 35 years old introduced vegetables to their babies 0.6 months later. 4-month-old exclusively breastfed infants had vegetables 0.4 months later than mixed-fed infants. Women with a bachelor's degree or above added 2-3 more types of fruits and vegetables to their babies than those with junior high school education and below.@*CONCLUSION@#The adding time of fruits was earlier than that of vegetable. Apples and green leafy vegetables are commonly added. Women with lower educational backgrounds add fewer types of fruits and vegetables to their babies. Mothers who choose exclusive breastfeeding and those over 35 years of age at childbirth add vegetables to their babies later than others. They should be targeted for health promotion programs that aim to improve the intake of fruits and vegetables among infants.

Relationship between nutrients intake during pregnancy and the glycemic control effect in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between nutrients intake during pregnancy and the glycemic control effect in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).@*METHODS@#Pregnant women for 25-35 gestational weeks who underwent prenatal examination and completed GDM diagnostic test in two third-class hospitals in Beijing from October 2015 to October 2017 were recruited to participate in the cohort study, and were investigated at enrollment, 2 weeks after enrollment, and delivery. The cross-sectional survey data 2 weeks after enrollment was used for this study. Among them, dietary survey used the 24 h dietary records to collect the food intake of the subjects for the past day, and the intake of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients, was calculated according to the Chinese Food Composition Table. Using the data of fasting blood glucose (FBG) collected by clinical information system and referring to the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pregnancy Diabetes (2014), the GDM patients with FBG ≤5.3 mmol/L were divided into the well-control group, those with FBG >5.3 mmol/L were divided into poorly-control group, and pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance were consi-dered as the normal group. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the nutrients intake and glycemic control effect in pregnant women with GDM.@*RESULTS@#A total of 227 pregnant women were enrolled, including 104 GDM patients and 123 normal pregnancy women. Among them, 76 subjects in the well-control group (73.1%, 76/104) and 28 subjects in the poorly-control group (26.9%, 28/104). Compared with the well-control group and the normal group, the protein intake and its energy ratio of the poorly-control group were significantly higher, while carbohydrate energy ratio was significantly lower. In terms of micronutrients, there was no significant difference between the well-control group and the poorly-control group. After adjusting for age, gestational age and physical activity level, with the well-control group as the control group, binary Logistic regression model showed that higher protein energy ratio was positively correlated with poorly glycemic control effect in pregnant women with GDM (OR=6.12, 95%CI: 1.44-25.98), while higher carbohydrate energy ratio was negatively correlated with poorly glycemic control (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.32-0.91).@*CONCLUSION@#Reduced protein intake and increased carbohydrate intake were associated with better glycemic control in pregnant women with GDM. It is suggested that GDM patients should adjust their dietary pattern further to achieve good glycemic control effect.

"'s five-needle method" as the main treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome: a multi-center randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect differences between "'s five-needle method" and routine acupoint selection on allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome.@*METHODS@#A total of 210 patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group (105 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and a control group (105 cases, 4 cases dropped off). The patients in the observation group were treated with "'s five-needling method", and the acupoints of Feishu (BL 13), Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12), Yintang (GV 29), Shangyingxiang (EX-HN 8) and Hegu (LI 4), etc. were selected; the patients in the control group was treated with routine acupuncture, and the acupoints of Feishu (BL 13), Zhongfu (LU 1), Taiyuan (LU 9), Dingchuan (EX-B 1), Danzhong (CV 17), Yintang (GV 29), Fengmen (BL 12) and Zusanli (ST 36), etc. were selected. The treatment in the two groups was given once a day, 6 times a week, for 4 weeks. The score of symptoms and signs was observed before and after treatment as well as 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after treatment. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and eosinophils in peripheral blood were measured before and after treatment in the two groups. After treatment, the clinical therapeutic effect was compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The total effective rate was 98.0% (99/101) in the observation group, which was superior to 94.1% (95/101) in the control group (0.05), and the total score of symptoms and signs in the third month of follow-up in the control group was significantly increased (<0.05). After treatment, FEV1 and PEF in the two groups were increased (<0.01), eosinophil count in peripheral blood was decreased (<0.01), and the improvement in the observation group was greater than that in the control group (<0.01, <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#"'s five-needle method" can improve the clinical symptoms and pulmonary function, reduce the count of eosinophils in peripheral blood in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome, and the curative effect is better than routine acupuncture.

Associations of distribution of time spent in physical activity and sedentary behavior with obesity / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore associations of distribution of time spent in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with obesity with taking account that time is finite during the day of adult residents in Wuhai City.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Wuhai City, and we carried out a sampling of local residents aged 18-79 by using multiple stratified cluster sampling method. Data about social demographic characteristics, time spent in PA and SB, diet intake, controlling situation of chronic disease and other covariates were obtained by qualified investigators for face-to-face questionnaire survey. Data about height, weight, and waist circumstance, were obtained by doctors in a secondary hospital or above for body measurements. The statistical method used in our study was known as compositional data analysis, which had been used to process compositional data in many fields. Liner regression analysis with compositional data was used to synthetically analyze the associations of distribution of time spent in PA and SB with obesity,and to investigate the effect of re-allocating time from one behavior to another one whilst the remaining one was kept stable.@*RESULTS@#The investigation revealed the special advantage of compositional data analysis in processing time-use data. The result of liner regression analysis with the compositional data showed that after controlling the potential confounding factors, the associations of distribution of time spent in PA and SB was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI, P<0.001) and the negative natural logarithm of waist to height ratio (-lnWHtR, P<0.001). Among them, in professional population, the proportion of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was negatively correlated with -lnWHtR (β=-0.008, P=0.022), while the proportion of time spent in SB was positively correlated with BMI and -lnWHtR (β=0.117, P=0.003; β=0.007, P=0.005). However, in nonprofessional population, the proportion of time spent in MVPA was only negatively correlated with BMI (β=-0.079, P=0.041). Nevertheless, the proportion of time spent in low-intensity physical activity (LIPA) was not significantly associated with BMI and -lnWHtR in both professional and nonprofessional population. In addition, the effects of MVPA replacing another behavior and of MVPA being displaced by another behavior were not symmetrical, and 10 minutes of MVPA replacing LIPA or SB had a greater influence on intervention and prevention of obesity than 10 minutes MVPA being replaced by LIPA or SB.@*CONCLUSION@#The research has resulted in a solution of the associations of the distribution of time spent in PA, SB with health risk. Our results suggest that public health messages should target the health effects of the distribution of time of PA and SB synergistically in developing PA guidelines and health management practice, rather than simply increasing or decreasing the absolute time of PA or SB, so that we can provide scientific suggestions to make people get a profounder healthy effect.

Clinical experience of Professor Shao Jing-ming: a master of acupuncture-moxibustion / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Professor Shao Jing-ming had practiced Chinese medicine for more than 80 years with rich clinical experience and exquisite acupuncture techniques. From his clinical experience, Professor Shao's clinical features can be summarized as the followings: attaching importance to the theory of meridians and collaterals, combining pattern identification and disease identification, using fewer acupoints for treatment, and using Ashi point and Hegu (LI 4) to treat goiter. He emphasized the priority and sequence in acupoint-selection and manipulation. In treatment of epilepsy, he proposed to treat it according to the situation and paid great attention to the special function of the extraordinary acupoints. During the onset, it should be managed by calming the mind and controlling the symptoms; during the remission period, acupuncture and drugs should be applied simultaneously to regulate qi-blood and yin-yang, so as to reduce the frequency of attacks. He believed that acupuncture manipulation be one of the key factors in achieving the efficacy. In treatment of the motive diseases, such as convulsions and cramps, acupuncture with static and longer needle-retaining time should be adopted to control the limb movement, to strengthen the stimulation and to obtain a long-term efficacy. Professor Shao Jing-ming's medical records range from internal medicine, external medicine, gynecology and pediatrics, listing various refractory diseases effectively treated by him. Professor Shao was a moral and erudite Chinese medicine master, and his clinical experience is worthy of inheritance and development.

Effects of different methods on drying root canal by near-field microwave detection system / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To set up near-field microwave detection system, to evaluate the accuracy of measuring water and to compare the effects of different methods on drying root canal.@*METHODS@#Known and quantitative distilled water in Eppendorf tube and root canal was detected by near-field microwave detection system which was set up first. The microwave reflection coefficient was recorded so as to evaluate the accuracy of the measuring water. 12 single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth with apical matureness and a curvature less than 10° were decoronated, leaving roots 14 mm in length. After instrumentation to F3, the root canals were air-dried and injected with 10 μL distilled water each. Then all the root canals were assigned to 4 groups (n=12) according to different methods on root canal drying. Near-field microwave detection system was used to detect the change of water after air-drying and root canal drying so as to evaluate the effects of different root canal drying methods: (1) negative control group, the canals were injected with 10 μL distilled water and no root canal drying method was performed; (2) paper points drying experimental group, four #60 paper points were used to blot-dry the middle and upper part of the canal, followed by #40 paper points blot-drying the apical area. The above step was repeated with the tip of paper point that appeared with no water under microscope as finished; (3) 95% (volume fraction) ethanol drying experimental group, after the distilled water was removed with paper points (similar to paper points experimental group), 10 μL 95% ethanol was injected into the canal and was left in place for 10 s, then paper points were used to dry the canal; (4) 70% (volume fraction) isopropyl alcohol drying experimental group, after the distilled water was removed with paper points (similar to paper points experimental group), 10 μL 70% isopropyl alcohol was injected into the canal and was left in place for 10 s, then paper points were used to dry the canal. The linear correlation analysis was used to test the accuracy of the measuring water by near-field microwave detection method and physical measurement. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated based on the data. The effects of different methods on drying root canal were analyzed by Chi square test.@*RESULTS@#The R2 for the microwave reflection coefficient and the physical measurement of the water in Eppendorf tube and root canal were 0.991 and 0.970. The microwave reflection coefficient in all the experimental groups showed significant difference (P<0.05). After drying with paper points, the residual water was the most, and the microwave reflection coefficient was the highest: 0.023. While after 70% isopropyl alcohol drying root canal, the residual water was the least with the microwave reflection coefficient 0.006, showing that the effect of drying was the best.@*CONCLUSION@#Near-field microwave detection system could detect the change of water in root canal. The effect of root canal drying by 70% isopropyl alcohol was superior to 95% ethanol and paper points.

Relationship between sugary drinks and diabetes of adults in Wuhai city / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between sugary drinks and diabetes of adults in Wuhai city.@*METHODS@#A multiple stage stratified cluster sampling was conducted on 8 131 residents who were between 35 and 79 years by cross-sectional study in Wuhai city. Questionnaires, physical measurements and laboratory tests were used to collect information on demographic information, dietary behavior, health status, blood glucose indicators. Besides, other covariate information was also collected by these ways. The analysis was carried out by chi-square test, trend chi-square test and multifactor Logistic regression.@*RESULTS@#The detection rates of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes of people who were 35 years old and above in Wuhai city were 6.0% and 18.4%, respectively, and they both increased with age (P<0.01, P< 0.01). The detection rates of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes of the men were both far higher than the women (P< 0.01, P< 0.01). For the men, the detection rate of diabetes increased with age (Ptrend<0.01), but for the women, and the detection rate of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes both increased with age (Ptrend<0.01, Ptrend<0.01). The consumption rate of sugary drinks of the people who were 35 years old and above in Wuhai city was 30.2%. And after all the subjects were classified into three groups, A (0- mL/d), B (16- mL/d), and C (237- mL/d) according to the daily different drinking quantities, statistical results found that group A accounted for 75.4%, group B for 21.5%, and group C for 3.1%. In group A, for comparison, the impaired fasting glucose OR values of group B and group C were 1.4 and 2.2, respectively. And diabetes OR values of group B and group C were 1.2 and 2.1 respectively compared with group A, and the trend of OR values increased both had statistical significance (Ptrend <0.01, Ptrend < 0.01). Also, after adjusting for other covariates in multifactor Logistic regression, the OR values of impaired fasting glucose in group B and group C were 1.6 and 3.8 respectively, and the OR values of diabetes were 1.9 and 4.9 respectively, compared with group A, and besides, the trend of OR values increased both still had statistical significance (Ptrend <0.01, Ptrend < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Increased consumption of sugary drinks will increase the risk of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. Residents in Wuhai city should control their consumption of sugary drinks.

Nutrient Intakes of Pregnant Women and their Associated Factors in Eight Cities of China: A Cross-sectional Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>During the last 3 decades, China has dramatic changes of the dietary pattern among its citizens, particularly in urban cities. This study aimed to determine the nutrient intake status and factors associated with nutrient intakes of urban Chinese pregnant women now-a-day.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The multistage stratified random sampling method was applied in the cross-sectional study. 479 women in three trimesters of pregnancy from eight cities of China were recruited. Nutrient intakes were evaluated with one 24 h dietary recall, and compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013 for available nutrients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Most pregnant women had imbalanced macronutrient distribution with excessive energy derived from fat. Intakes of Vitamin A, B 6, calcium, magnesium, and selenium were below Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) and Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) in all trimesters. Most pregnant women took more folic acid in the first trimester with a significant decrease in the second and third trimester (P < 0.05). Shortfall in iron intake was found in the third trimester whereas some women may be at the risk of excessive iron intake. Intakes of thiamin met RNI in the first trimester but were below EAR in all trimesters. Trimester phasing was positively associated with most nutrients (P < 0.05). Prepregnancy body mass index was inversely associated with energy, fat, Vitamin C, and calcium intake (P < 0.05). Educational level and household income were positively associated with folic acid intake (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Current prenatal dietary choices of urban pregnant women in China are imbalanced in the nutrient intake when compared with national DRIs 2013, particularly in intakes of energy derived from fat and micronutrients. Appropriate dietary advice to pregnant women should promote a balanced diet with emphasis on avoidance of foods of high fat content and incorporation of foods that are good sources of the key micronutrients that are usually lacking in a regular pregnancy diet. Further research is needed to understand the eating habits and food patterns that contribute to this imbalanced diet in order to be able to effectively improve prenatal women's nutrient intake status.</p>

Asthma at acute attack stage treated with "Shao's five needling therapy": a multi-central randomized controlled study / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of asthma at acute attack stage treated with "Shao's five needling therapy".</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The randomized controlled method was applied to divide 210 cases into an observation group and a control group, 105 cases in each one. In the observation group, "Shao's five needling therapy" [Feishu (BL 13), Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12)] and the combined therapy were adopted, including oxygen uptake, aerosol inhalation and oral administration of prednisone. In the control group, the oral administration of theophylline sustained release tablet and the combined therapy were applied. The treatment was continued for 7 days. The clinical symptoms and physical signs such as wheezing, cough, expectoration, chest stuffiness, wheezing rale and shortness of breath, as well as lung function indices such as forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the observation group, 69 cases were cured clinically, 20 cases effective remarkably, 7 cases effective and 0 case failed. In the control group, 49 cases were cured clinically, 31 cases effective remarkably, 15 cases effective and 0 case failed. The difference in the efficacy was significant in comparison of the two groups (P < 0.05). The therapeutic effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group. The total score of the symptoms and physical signs, FEV1 and PEF after treatment were all improved significantly in the two groups (all P < 0.01). And the results in the observation group were better than those in the control group (all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>"Shao's five needling therapy" achieves the significant efficacy on asthma at acute attack stage. It significantly relieves the symptoms and physical signs of the patients and improves lung functions. The effect is better than that of theophylline sustained release tablet.</p>

Prevalence of self-reported allergy, food hypersensitivity and food intolerance and their influencing factors in 0-36 months old infants in 8 cities in China / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To measure the prevalence, the possible causes and the influencing factors of allergy, food hypersensitivity and food intolerance in 0-36 month old infants in 8 cities in China.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Totally 2632 infants from the outpatient departments of prevention and health care of two representative hospitals in 8 Chinese cities were randomly selected by applying multistage cluster sampling method from October 2011 to March 2012, and a one-on-one survey to infants' parents was conducted to investigate infants' sensitization status.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Self-reported infant allergy rate was 17.97% (473/2632) ; self-reported food hypersensitivity and food intolerance rates were 6.53% (172/2632) and 4.26% (112/2632) , respectively. The proportion of self-reported food hypersensitivity of 0-12 months old infants was 4.47% (74/1656) and their top five allergens in a descending order were eggs (28.38%) , shrimp (25.68%) , fish (21.62%) , milk (18.92%) and wheat (4.05%) . The proportion of self-reported 13-36 months old infant's food hypersensitivity was 10.05% (98/976) . The top five allergens were shrimp (33.93%) , fish (26.79%) , eggs (23.21%) , milk (12.50%) and soy (3.57%) in 13-24 months group, while fish (38.24%) , shrimp (35.29%) , eggs (20.59%) , milk (20.59%) and peanuts (2.94%) in 25-36 months group. Both 7-12 and 13-24 month old were the highest incidence (both of them were 11.98%, 58/484) of age for developing food hypersensitivity and 7-12-month old was also the highest incidence (8.47%, 41/484) of age for food intolerance. The self-reported food intolerance rate was 3.68% (61/1656) and 5.23% (51/976) in the two age groups, respectively. Age, parental history of allergy and father's educational level (OR was 2.452, 1.482 and 2.598, respectively, P < 0.01) were the risk factors of food hypersensitivity; within two weeks of sickness (OR = 1.267, P < 0.05) was the risk factor of food intolerance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Infancy was the most vulnerable period of life of getting allergy, therefore, it is necessary for all infants to prevent allergy through a variety of effective strategies.</p>

Meta-analysis of the relationship between dairy product consumption and gastric cancer / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the effect of milk consumption on gastric cancer in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and other Chinese databases were searched for randomized controlled trials reporting the relationship between dairy products consumption and gastric carcinoma patients from January 1985 to June 2008. Manual searching was also performed. Gastric carcinoma, dietary, milk or diary product were using as key words. A Meta-analysis method was applied to estimate the combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) between dairy product consumption and gastric cancer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight case-control studies published between 1985 and 2008 were selected for Meta-analysis. The cumulative cases and controls were 1684 and 5410, respectively. Fixed-effect model was used because of homogeneity among these studies. The overall pooled OR estimate was 0.57 (95% CI = 0.46 - 0.71), suggesting a negative association between dairy product consumption and gastric cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This Meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that dairy product consumption might decrease the risk of gastric cancer.</p>

The measurement of estrogen and progesterone in commercial and traditional cow milk / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the content of estrogen and progesterone in commercial milk in China and to compare the differences between commercial cows and traditional cows in the content of estrogen and progesterone of the milk, the breeding of cows and the process of milk production.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to investigate the estrone, estradiol and progesterone in commercial and traditional milk, and literature review and field investigation was used to compare the differences of breeding and milk production.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean concentration of estrone, estradiol and progesterone in Mongolian traditional cow milk was (98.5 +/- 12.4) pg/ml, (24.6 +/- 3.0) pg/ml and (0.2 +/- 0.3) ng/ml, respectively. The concentrations of estrone were (150.2 +/- 8.4), (131.3 +/- 16.3) and (128.9 +/- 13.0) pg/ml; The concentrations of estradiol were (35.4 +/- 2.2), (30.3 +/- 3.1) and (30.0 +/- 2.0) pg/ml; The concentrations of progesterone were (20.2 +/- 1.5), (18.1 +/- 2.2) and (16.5 +/- 2.4) ng/ ml, respectively. The content of estrogen and progesterone in commercial milks were higher than that in traditional milks (estrone comparison: t = 5.43, 19.23, 5.89; estradiol comparison: t = 4.14, 4.93, 14.03; progesterone comparison: t = 28.47, 32.73, 22.82; P < 0.05). Mongolian traditional cows did not lactate during the latter half of pregnancy. However, modern commercial cows might lactate almost in an entire period of pregnancy. Moreover, the lactating period was longer and milk production was higher in modern commercial cows than that in traditional cows.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The content of estrogen and progesterone in commercial milk in Chinese market detected might be higher than that in traditional milk.</p>

Study on the factors influencing suicidal ideation among medical students in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of personality-related health risk factors on suicidal ideation among medical students.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1204 medical students at first grade were selected in Beijing, using random cluster sampling method. Data were obtained through health risk behaviors questionnaire, personality diagnostic questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) and were analyzed by logistic regression method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 12 risk factors selected from single factor analysis, including physical fight, physical abuse, physically forced to have sexual intercourse, sexual risk behaviors, tobacco and alcohol use behaviors, loneliness, bad mood, insomnia, feeling hopeless, higher PDQ-4 score and internet abuse behaviors. Data from Unconditional logistic regression showed that the main risk factors of suicide ideation were insomnia (OR = 4.98), physical abuse (OR = 4.43), sexual risk behaviors (OR = 2.63), bad mood (OR = 2.32), feeling hopeless (OR = 1.98), higher PDQ-4 score (OR = 1.09) in male students; while fighting (OR = 7.10), loneliness (OR = 4.42), physically forced to have sexual intercourse (OR = 4.19), internet abuse behaviors( OR = 1.39) in female students.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Suicidal ideation was associated with various factors, with significant gender difference.</p>